Controls/ checks every driver should be able to operate/ carry out in the vehicle they are driving

1. How would you check that the brakes are working before starting a journey?

Brakes should not feel spongy or slack. Brakes should be tested as you set off. Vehicle should not pull to one side.

2. Where would you find the information for the recommended tyre pressures for this car and how would you check your tyre pressures?

Manufacturer’s guide, use a reliable pressure gauge, check and adjust pressures when tyres are cold, don’t forget spare tyre, remember to refit valve caps.

3. How would you make sure your head restraint is correctly adjusted so it provides the best protection in the event of a crash?

The head restraint should be adjusted so the rigid part of the head restraint is at least as high as the eye or top of the ears, and as close to the back of the head as is comfortable. Note: Some restraints might not be adjustable.

4. How would you check your tyres to ensure that they have sufficient tread depth and that their general condition is safe to use on the road?

No cuts and bulges, correct tyre pressure. 1.6mm of tread depth (use tread depth gauge if available) across the central three-quarters of the breadth of the tyre, and around the entire outer circumference of the tyre.

5. How would you check that the headlights and tail lights are working?

Explain you’d operate the switch (turn on ignition), then walk round vehicle to check.

6. How would you know if there was a problem with your anti-lock braking system?

Warning light on dashboard (ABS) should illuminate if there is a fault with the anti-lock braking system.

7. How would you check the direction indicators are working?

Operate the switch – either turn on hazard lights or each indicator (turn on engine for indicator), and then walk round vehicle.

8. How would you check the brake lights are working on this car?

Operate the brake pedal (ignition on), make use of reflections in windows or doors, or ask someone to help.

9. How would you check the power assisted steering is working before starting a journey?

If the steering becomes heavy, the system may not be working properly. Before starting a journey, 2 checks can be made.

1. Turn the steering wheel slightly while the engine is started, this should result in a slight but noticeable movement as the power steering begins to operate.
2. Alternatively if you turn the steering wheel just after moving off it should turn easily and not feel heavy.

10. How would you switch on the rear fog light and explain when you would use it?

Operate switch (turn on dipped headlights and ignition). Check warning light is on. Use when visibility is less than 100m.

11. How would you switch your headlights from dipped to main/ full beam and explain how you’d know the main/ full beam is on?

Operate switch (with engine on), check with main beam warning light.

12. Open the bonnet. How would you check that the engine has sufficient oil?

Identify dipstick/oil level indicator, describe check of oil level against the minimum and maximum markers.

13. Open the bonnet. How would you check that the engine has sufficient engine coolant?

Identify high and low level markings on header tank where fitted or radiator filler cap, and describe how to top up to correct level.

14. Open the bonnet. How would you check that you have a safe level of hydraulic brake fluid?

Identify reservoir, check level against high and low markings.

Using the controls when you are driving.

1. When it’s safe to do so, how would you wash and clean the rear windscreen?
2. When it’s safe to do so, how would you wash and clean the front windscreen?
3. When it’s safe to do so, how would you switch on your dipped headlights?
4. When it’s safe to do so, how would you set the rear demister?
5. When it’s safe to do so, how would you operate the horn?
6. When it’s safe to do so, how would you demist the front windscreen?
7. When it’s safe to do so, how would you open and close the side window?